# R igraph manual pages

Use this if you are using igraph from R

## Graph layout by multidimensional scaling

### Description

Multidimensional scaling of some distance matrix defined on the vertices of a graph.

### Usage

layout_with_mds(graph, dist = NULL, dim = 2,
options = arpack_defaults)

with_mds(...)


### Arguments

 graph The input graph. dist The distance matrix for the multidimensional scaling. If NULL (the default), then the unweighted shortest path matrix is used. dim layout_with_mds supports dimensions up to the number of nodes minus one, but only if the graph is connected; for unconnected graphs, the only possible values is 2. This is because merge_coords only works in 2D. options This is currently ignored, as ARPACK is not used any more for solving the eigenproblem ... Passed to layout_with_mds.

### Details

layout_with_mds uses metric multidimensional scaling for generating the coordinates. Multidimensional scaling aims to place points from a higher dimensional space in a (typically) 2 dimensional plane, so that the distance between the points are kept as much as this is possible.

By default igraph uses the shortest path matrix as the distances between the nodes, but the user can override this via the dist argument.

This function generates the layout separately for each graph component and then merges them via merge_coords.

### Value

A numeric matrix with dim columns.

### Author(s)

Tamas Nepusz ntamas@gmail.com and Gabor Csardi csardi.gabor@gmail.com

### References

Cox, T. F. and Cox, M. A. A. (2001) Multidimensional Scaling. Second edition. Chapman and Hall.

layout, plot.igraph

Other graph layouts: add_layout_, component_wise, layout_as_bipartite, layout_as_star, layout_as_tree, layout_in_circle, layout_nicely, layout_on_grid, layout_on_sphere, layout_randomly, layout_with_dh, layout_with_fr, layout_with_gem, layout_with_graphopt, layout_with_kk, layout_with_lgl, layout_with_sugiyama, layout_, merge_coords, norm_coords, normalize

### Examples


g <- sample_gnp(100, 2/100)
l <- layout_with_mds(g)
plot(g, layout=l, vertex.label=NA, vertex.size=3)


[Package igraph version 1.2.3 Index]