# R igraph manual pages

Use this if you are using igraph from R

### Description

Place the vertices on the plane, or in the 3d space, based on a phyisical model of springs.

### Usage

layout_with_kk(
graph,
coords = NULL,
dim = 2,
maxiter = 50 * vcount(graph),
epsilon = 0,
kkconst = vcount(graph),
weights = NULL,
minx = NULL,
maxx = NULL,
miny = NULL,
maxy = NULL,
minz = NULL,
maxz = NULL,
niter,
sigma,
initemp,
coolexp,
start
)

with_kk(...)


### Arguments

 graph The input graph. Edge directions are ignored. coords If not NULL, then the starting coordinates should be given here, in a two or three column matrix, depending on the dim argument. dim Integer scalar, 2 or 3, the dimension of the layout. Two dimensional layouts are places on a plane, three dimensional ones in the 3d space. maxiter The maximum number of iterations to perform. The algorithm might terminate earlier, see the epsilon argument. epsilon Numeric scalar, the algorithm terminates, if the maximal delta is less than this. (See the reference below for what delta means.) If you set this to zero, then the function always performs maxiter iterations. kkconst Numeric scalar, the Kamada-Kawai vertex attraction constant. Typical (and default) value is the number of vertices. weights Edge weights, larger values will result longer edges. Note that this is opposite to layout_with_fr. minx If not NULL, then it must be a numeric vector that gives lower boundaries for the ‘x’ coordinates of the vertices. The length of the vector must match the number of vertices in the graph. maxx Similar to minx, but gives the upper boundaries. miny Similar to minx, but gives the lower boundaries of the ‘y’ coordinates. maxy Similar to minx, but gives the upper boundaries of the ‘y’ coordinates. minz Similar to minx, but gives the lower boundaries of the ‘z’ coordinates. maxz Similar to minx, but gives the upper boundaries of the ‘z’ coordinates. niter, sigma, initemp, coolexp These arguments are not supported from igraph version 0.8.0 and are ignored (with a warning). start Deprecated synonym for coords, for compatibility. ... Passed to layout_with_kk.

### Details

See the referenced paper below for the details of the algorithm.

This function was rewritten from scratch in igraph version 0.8.0 and it follows truthfully the original publication by Kamada and Kawai now.

### Value

A numeric matrix with two (dim=2) or three (dim=3) columns, and as many rows as the number of vertices, the x, y and potentially z coordinates of the vertices.

### Author(s)

Gabor Csardi csardi.gabor@gmail.com

### References

Kamada, T. and Kawai, S.: An Algorithm for Drawing General Undirected Graphs. Information Processing Letters, 31/1, 7–15, 1989.

layout_with_drl, plot.igraph, tkplot

Other graph layouts: add_layout_(), component_wise(), layout_as_bipartite(), layout_as_star(), layout_as_tree(), layout_in_circle(), layout_nicely(), layout_on_grid(), layout_on_sphere(), layout_randomly(), layout_with_dh(), layout_with_fr(), layout_with_gem(), layout_with_graphopt(), layout_with_lgl(), layout_with_mds(), layout_with_sugiyama(), layout_(), merge_coords(), norm_coords(), normalize()

### Examples


g <- make_ring(10)
E(g)$weight <- rep(1:2, length.out=ecount(g)) plot(g, layout=layout_with_kk, edge.label=E(g)$weight)



[Package igraph version 1.2.6 Index]